Having obtained his basic school-leaving qualification and having practised the bakery trade,  Joseph Ferdinand
Cheval is officially named ” Facteur Cheval” mailman in the post offices  in 1867.  Allocated to Hauterives,  he has
on responsibility the ‘ tour of Tersanne ‘,  hike the daily 33 kilometers of which he kills by dreaming. Absent person of  hang by earthing up on a stone during a trip of 1879,  he slides this last one in his pocket to study it  later then, noticing the presence of more singular pebbles even the next day,  decides to act himself as sculptor to dash
into the construction of  a ‘ Ideal Palace ‘.  Choosing the most beautiful stones every day,  he  fills pockets,
baskets, wheelbarrows while working of long hours on the light of a kerosene lamp.  After thirty years of patience, construction by means of  lime,  mortar and cement,  the palace,  finished in 1912,  is a leader of
work of Biblical and Indian inspirations.  Showing the desire to be buried within this one in his in its
death,  the mailman  Horse sees its wish slowed down by the nervousness of a French law not allowing this
kind  of practices without preliminary incineration.

From then on obliged to comply with the legal constraints, the artist agrees to withdraw in the Municipal
Cemetery provided that we leave him  the choice of its grave.  The accepted requirement, the mailman spends
then eight new years marked by the stone:  transporting its material up to the cemetery of Hauterives,
the mailman Horse finishes in 1922 the ‘ Grave of the silence and the unlimited rest ‘ and is interred
there two years later.

THE WORK OF A SINGLE MAN !

(1879 – 1912) – 10 000 days,  93 000  working
hours,  33 years of endurance and test….
More obstinate than me put itself  in the work !

The winter as the summer, night and day I wolked, I crossed
the plain and the hillside, as well as the brook to bring the stone lasts
chiselled by the nature.  It is my back which paid the
share, I defied everything even the death..

Coming  from an easy Sino-Khmer peasant family bound to the royal authorities,  Saloth Sar is born on
May 19th, 1928 in Prek Sbauv,  in the Cambodian province of Kampong Thom. He leaves then the campaign for
Phnum Penh where he follows the education of a catholic school, a Round loaf school.  It obtains a
grant and leaves following studies at the French School of radio engineering..

Saloth Sar leaves France without diploma, but becomes nevertheless professor of  French after his return
in Cambodia in two private institutions of Phnum Penh,  Chamroeun Vichea and Kampuchaboth ( 1956-1963 ).  When the French people withdraw from Indochina in 1954,  king Norodom Sihanouk is named  to the head of the State and the monarchy is restored in Cambodia. As some of his contemporaries,  Saloth Sar opposes to the new power and enters a communist party of  low  scale,  the Revolutionary party of the Khmer people  (this party will become afterward the communist Party of the Kampuchea)..

After all the genocides which took place since the man exists, we do not that of a thing the man learns  and will never learn to respect his fellow men. The Westerners that it to them are the worst they know but they
react only of two manners the negation or the indirect participation.. It is the good thing that the culprits are
judged and condemned but he would be as well desirable as our leaders they are the same put in front of their
own responsibilities.  It is unthinkable that governments can make at present what they wants,  when they
wants where they wants without facing  in them own responsibilities.   If we want that the humanity progresses
let us condemn the direct and indirect “murderers”.  Because it is necessary to know that ” the democracy ”
sometimes has a bitter taste..

The littoral of the Guianese plate, with the island of Cayenne until Guyana, is strewn with small hillocks, which one could take for banal lumps of earth. Is the origin of these buildings natural? For the inhabitants of the surroundings, their origin is mysterious and of many explanations circulate. Some affirm, for example, that these hillocks are related to the repeated passage of bovines in these marshy savannas. However, of the archaeological studies led to the end of the Eighties revealed that these structures were the fruit of the human hand.

How fields built by Amerindians précolombiens and given up for the majority about 1250, before the arrival of Europeans, could persist until our days? They should have disappeared because of erosion, of the rains, the fires and the vegetable rehandlings. An interdisciplinary research team tries, since 2007, to answer this question.  While being pressed on a large range of expertises (archeobotanic, archaeology, paleoecology, sciences of the ground, ecology and air imagery), the scientists sought to include/understand how the last action of the Man on these landscapes could modulate the current operation of the ecosystem.

Fields designed and exploited between year 650 and the year 1250
This study confirms first of all that farmers précolombiens built these vast complexes of fields raised within Guianese savannas. These coastal fringes considered inhospitable undergo seasonal floods (alternation of periods of flood and dryness). The Amerindians built well drained monticules, which allowed an intensive sedentary agriculture. They thus had a powerful agricultural engineering to exploit grounds now considered to be inapt to cultivate. The researchers managed to precisely go back some to these fields: one of the studied sites goes back to XIIe century, the older second, in XIe century of our era. The analysis of two types of microfossiles vestiges of plants – silica particles (phytolithes) discovered in the hillocks, and of the starch grains found in the pieces of ceramics dishes put at the day in the villages précolombiens – revealed that at least three plants were cultivated at the time: the corn – which, surprisingly, are absent today from the agricultural panel -, the manioc and the marrow. By building these drained small islands, the Amerindians produced heterogeneity between the flooded plain and the elevated part: the biogeochemical composition of these two zones differs today still up to 50 cm of depth.

Landscapes Co-built by the Man and Nature Once given up, these fields were colonized by Nature. Ants, termites, worms of ground, plants and other organizations were installed preferentially on these well drained structures. Car-organized processes generated by these “builders” of ecosystems were then set up. These organizations bring organic matter there and mineral and modify of it the structure as well as the composition of the ground. Thanks to their actions on the porosity of the ground, the capacity of infiltration of rainwater is nine times higher on the monticules than in the flooded plain, reducing the sensitivity of the hillocks to erosion. Biogeochemical mechanisms thus allowed the maintenance of these raised structures, where the concentration in resources initially created by the Man was preserved.

These car-organized ecosystems are the agents of the ecological heritage of the inhabitants précolombiens of Amazonia. This forgotten agricultural technique (1)  that of the elevated fields – could cause idea in order to conceive ecologically intensive systems of agriculture. These results make it possible to identify how certain ecosystems are preserved through the centuries and to better include/understand the history of the Amazonian biodiversity.

Planet Earth :  Global warming worse than envisaged..

En 1995, the researchers elected by the United Nations did not believe that the warming of planet would exceed 3 d’degrees; here 2100. Their revised report/ratio now speaks about 6 degrees a disaster! Switzerland 30/10/2000 – During the next century, the warming of planet will be twice worse that it was thought from here. It is at least what believes the intergovernmental Panel on the climate changes, a group of hundreds of researchers elected by the United Nations. A preliminary version of his report/ratio, which must be adopted in May 2001, circulates since mid-October in the various governments of planet. The previous model, in 1995, envisaged a rise of the temperature of 3 degrees; here 2100, which was alarming. The revised figures estimate that the rise could reach 6 degrees a true disaster. Gas emissions carbonic related to human activity currently reach 6,8 billion tons per year. In 2100, they could reach 29 billion tons, if they continue to progress to the current rhythm. On this level, it is probable that whole forests would die on foot because of the climate changes. This accelerated death would release carbonic gas imprisoned by the plants, carrying the annual emissions at the fantastic level from 35 to 40 billion tons. There exist still some uncertainties on the effect of all this carbonic gas on the climate. After all, a small portion of the warming seems connected with perfectly natural causes. It is why the level of warming from  here to 2100  is hardly precise: from 1,5 to 6 degrees. But it is certain that any significant growth of the temperature would have dramatic effects: put out of order climate, lost harvests, destroyed forests, cast iron and part of the ices of  The Antarctic and flood of coastal regions. In 1997, the international community s’ is intended to reduce by 5,2% (compared to the level of 1990) its gas emissions to  greenhouse effect; here 2008 to 2012. No nation industrialized still ratified this agreement and all indicates that its objectives will not be achieved. They are however modest. The intergovernmental panel estimates that it would be necessary to reduce the emissions by 60%  here 2050 to maintain the warming of planet on an acceptable level. There is no doubt that this report/ratio will come to haunt the next talks on the application of this agreement, which must take place in the Netherlands in one month. Philippe Gauthier

Cast iron of the ice-barrier of l’ Arctic Ocean s’ accelerate. Last July, the layer of ice narrowed each  day; an average surface equivalent to 2 times and half Switzerland! Such a cast iron speed had already been measured in 2006 and 2007. Blow scientists estimate that the Arctic ice-barrier will have completely disappeared in 30
years already. By Silvio Dolzan.

Did you know? The near total of the Antarctic continent is covered with an icecap of a thickness being able to exceed the 4.500 meters. It constitutes the greatest reserve of fresh water in the world, is 90% of world reserves. The disappearance of the latter would make assemble the level of water of five meters on the together sphere.

The World Meteorological Organization has just confirmed what everyone feared:  the temperature of the sphere increased 0,6°C during the past century. The fault falls about it on the greenhouse effects (GES) and, indirectly, on the policies which did not succeed with an agreement last November at the Summit of  the Hague, to decrease the emission of  GES. To take stock, the interdepartmental mission places at the disposal of the citizens this site which analyzes the world context, presents the international agreements and details the actions undertaken in France?